Your First GraphRAG System

This is the beginner capstone: you'll combine everything from the track — graph modeling, Cypher, and graph algorithms — with an LLM to build a working GraphRAG pipeline. You'll link the entities in a user's question to nodes in your graph, traverse out to a relevant subgraph, assemble that structured context into a prompt, and let the model generate a grounded, citable answer that naive vector RAG simply can't reach.

Day 5 Progress0%

What GraphRAG Is

GraphRAG is Retrieval-Augmented Generation where the retrieval step walks a knowledge graph instead of (or alongside) a flat vector index. The LLM still generates the final answer, but the context it receives is a set of explicit, connected facts pulled from your graph rather than a bag of loosely related text chunks.

Naive RAG in One Sentence

Classic RAG embeds your documents into chunks, stores the vectors, embeds the user's question, retrieves the top-K most similar chunks by cosine similarity, and stuffs them into the prompt.

That works well when the answer lives inside a single chunk. It breaks down on multi-hop questions.

The Multi-Hop Problem

Consider: "Which products are made by companies that my manager has invested in?"

To answer this you must connect:

  1. me → manages ← my manager
  2. my manager → invested_in → companies
  3. those companies → produces → products

No single document chunk contains that whole chain. Vector search retrieves chunks that mention "products" or "investments" but has no mechanism to follow the relationships between them. It returns plausible-looking but disconnected text, and the LLM is left to guess at the links — which is exactly when it hallucinates.

Why the Graph Wins Here

A knowledge graph stores those relationships as first-class, traversable edges (everything you built in Days 1–2). The retrieval step becomes a traversal (Day 3's Cypher) optionally ranked by graph algorithms (Day 4's centrality/community detection). The result is a connected subgraph — the exact chain of facts needed — handed to the LLM as grounded context.

Naive Vector RAGGraphRAG
Retrieval unitText chunkConnected subgraph
Multi-hop questionsWeak (no link-following)Strong (traversal is native)
Provenance"These chunks were similar""These specific facts/paths"
Best for"Find docs about X""How is X connected to Y?"
Key Takeaways
  • GraphRAG retrieves a connected subgraph of facts, not isolated text chunks
  • Naive vector RAG cannot follow relationships, so it fails on multi-hop questions
  • The graph's edges turn 'find the chain' into a traversal the LLM doesn't have to guess

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Course Stats

Estimated Time
75 min
Lessons
5 sections